Pulmonary Hypertension
Elevated mean pulmonary artery pressure (≥20 mmHg by right-heart catheterization). Echocardiography is the universal screening modality.
Pulmonary hypertension is defined hemodynamically as a mean pulmonary artery pressure ≥20 mmHg at rest, measured at right-heart catheterization (2022 ESC / ERS guideline threshold, lowered from the historical ≥25 mmHg).
Echocardiography is the screening tool of first resort: a TR peak velocity >2.8 m/s or estimated PASP >35 mmHg triggers further workup. Supplementary right-heart parameters, RV dilation, RV systolic dysfunction (low TAPSE), septal flattening, sharpen the pre-test probability.
Etiologic classification (groups 1–5: PAH, left-heart disease, lung disease / hypoxia, CTEPH, multifactorial) drives the diagnostic and treatment pathway. AI-assisted right-heart assessment captures the full panel of echo PH signals on every scan.