Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction
Heart failure with LVEF ≥50%, driven by impaired diastolic function and elevated filling pressures rather than reduced systolic function. About half of all heart-failure cases.
HFpEF is heart failure with a preserved ejection fraction (LVEF ≥50%) per international guidelines. The underlying pathophysiology is impaired left-ventricular relaxation and compliance, leading to elevated filling pressures despite normal systolic function.
Diagnosis is multi-parameter: clinical heart-failure symptoms, elevated natriuretic peptides, and at least one structural or functional echocardiographic marker (LV hypertrophy, LA enlargement, elevated E/e’, elevated PASP).
HFpEF is increasingly the dominant heart-failure phenotype, particularly in older adults, and is the target of recent therapies including SGLT2 inhibitors. AI-assisted echocardiography automates the multi-parameter diagnostic workup.